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KMID : 1124020170330030085
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Korean Social Security Studies
2017 Volume.33 No. 3 p.85 ~ p.111
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Changes of the Gender Gap in the National Pension Scheme among the Middle-Aged and Elderly Employees
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Oh Uk-Chan
Yoo Hee-Won
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Abstract
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This study examines the changes of the gender gap in the National Pension scheme among the middle-aged and elderly employees. The gender gap is focused on the payment status of pension premium. Using data from the Korean Retirement and Income Study, the gender gap in 2005~2007 and 2013~2015 are compared. Analyses are conducted using the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method for non-linear models which can divide the total gap between characteristics and coefficients effects, and the detailed decomposition for characteristics effects is also conducted. The results show that the gender gap between two periods reduced significantly, from 31.7%p to 18.5%p, and the most reductions are for the coefficients effects, from 16.3%p to 4.6%p, which contain the meaning of gender discrimination in the National Pension scheme. The characteristics effects are large and still remained between two periods, from 15.4%p to 13.9%p, and the detailed decomposition shows that these effects are mostly due to the differentials in the labor market factors such as employment status and wages. These findings suggest that the improvement in the labor market status of women is critical to resolve the remaining gender gap in the National Pension scheme.
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KEYWORD
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National Pension, gender gap, the middle-aged and elderly, Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition
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